陆相层序地层学研究进展与挑战

Current advances and future aspects of continental sequence stratigraphy

关键词:  陆相层序地层学  发展阶段  油气勘探  挑战

Key words:  continental sequence stratigraphy  development stage  oil and gas exploration  challenge

摘要:

层序地层学的发展经历了三个发展阶段,而最近10多年的发展最为迅猛而引人瞩目,取得了许多重大进展。最突出的表现之一,就是陆相层序地层学研究已成为一个国际性的热点课题,尤其是引起了我国众多地学专家的极大关注,并初步取得了丰硕的研究成果。但是,与其它学科一样,陆相层序地层学在向纵深发展的过程中,也出现了很多问题。如何解决这些问题,并切实有效地、更为得心应手地把陆相层序地层学应用到油气勘探以及其它生产应用领域,已经成为二十一世纪陆相层序地层学发展所面临的紧迫挑战。

Abstract:

The sequence stratigraphy has undergone three stages of development since the last decades of years. The last decade, however, has seen a remarkable advance in the development of continental sequence stratigraphy. The continental lacustrine basins are quite variable in character compared with marine basins, in that:(1) they have polyphyletic origins of sediments. The depocentres and facies zones tend to be highly variable. (2) Generally speaking, the base levels of lake basins have changed in response to climates rather than eustatic fluctuations. (3) The vast discrepancies in internal structural differentiation and depositional and subsidence rates allow the sedimentary sequences to be more complicated. (4) The lacustrine sequences in faulted basins are primarily constrained by regional tectonic and episodic events. For these reasons, the continental sequence stratigraphy is probably one of the most actively studied in the world. This brief review paper gives in detail the insights from recent developments within the research on the sequence stratigraphy, especially the continental sequence stratigraphy, and future aspects for the better resolution of the future research and oil and gas exploration.